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October. 1926
MONTHLY WE ATI! EE REVIEW
jame as at Gulfport. Beginning about 9:30 a. in.. there was calm for an hour at Bay St. Louis. The hurricane ,-enter moved over ltind after leaving Pass Christian and Bay St. Louis. By this time it hud greatly diminished in intensity. At S p. m. the center was some distance northwest of New Orleans and during the ensuing 24 hours it moved more rapidly westward over Louisiana and dissipated in eastern Texas.
As showing the changed character of the pressure distribution in the storm, three barograph curves are reproduced in Figure 3, viz, Miami, and Pensacola, Fla., and Mobile, Ala.
Thus far no evidence has been received as to the place of origin of the storm, but it may be inferred that it developed to the southwest of the Cape Verde Islands 6 or 7 days before its appearance northeast of St. Kitts.
This storm was the sixth tropical cyclone in the last 40 years to pass inland over the southeast Florida coast and cross the pensinsula into the Gulf of Mexico. It was also by far the most severe of the six.
Below is given data of lowest sea-level pressure and maximum wind velocity at the various observing stations in or near the path, of the storm. These data clearly show that the maximum intensity was reached on the Florida coast when the storm passed from the Gulf Stream to a land surface, that the pressure in or near the center did not thereafter descend to so low a level as where it first impinged on the coast, 'there being 0.59 inch difference between the low pressure at Miami and at Perdido Beach, Ala., near where the storm made its second entry upon a land surface, see Tabie 2.
Table 2.—Pressure and '.vind data/or -jtaiions along ike path of the hurri carte, .stations arranged in accordance with ihsir respective nijiances the center
Wind
Date
Miami. Fla........................... Sept.	IS
Miami Bencc. rla..........................do....
Punta Hass. Fla........................._.do....
Fort Myers, Fla---------------------------do....
Perdido Beacii, Ala._________________ Sept.	20
Pensacola, i*ia._.*.......................do....
Mobiie. Ala...............................lo____
Gulfport. Miss....................... Sept.	‘21
Tsimm, Fla_._________________________ iept.	lh
ApaLacnicoin, Fla.................... Sept.	1?
Jacksonville. F7:i.__________________ Sept.	18
.W.v Oriiaas, ....................... S«h.	2:
lowest
pressure
Time
Maximum Director, velocity
!nchtx
ST.ol
sr. n.h.
115
28.05 a:30D.
2S.14 ..........
2S.20	3:30	p.
2S. 56 25. 7fi LUOS 29. 36 2D. -57 29. 77 2U. -*7
3:10 p...
S:30a....
5:20 a 5;Q0a_... 4:00 p_„ 2:00 p. .
12$
116
■Ji
* 55 50 64 Z0
XE.
SE. or E.
E.-SE.
X.
5.-3E.
XE.
XE.
r xvv’.
istimatea.
5TOKM TIDES
(Excerpts froa* reports ot Te-iiiier Bureau officials;.
Miami and Miami Btac.h.—The tide range?: from 7.5 feet along the northers, part of the Miami water-front to il.7 feet along the lower water-front south of Miami River. The highest tide occurred i:i tiie lower and wider part of Biscay nc Bay. (Ail heights giver, are above mean low water.'
At Miami Beach, the tide was hiahest over the .southern part of the oily, raneing from 10.8 feet on the ocean side to *3.4 feet on the Day aide.
All measurements at Miami and Miami Beach were earefuily made, most of them being taien from water mark? inside of buildings, where the action of the waves was not shown.
T'imvc.—The tide was very low. being driven out of the bay and river by the strong northeast v.dnus. as was the case ia 1910. At
3	p. m.’of the 18th it was 0.S l'eet beiow mean low water, at o p. m..
4	0 feet below, and at 9 p. m. 6 feet beiow (.lowest point). Eigh
tide on September IS about 2 p. m. reached 4.5 feet above mes tide, making the extreme range 10.5 feet. It was high again o 20th, being 3.9 feet above mean low tide. In 1910 the tide S feet beiow mean low tide, and in 1921 it went 10.5 feet abo
Fori Myers.—Kish water accompanied the storm, accordi: newspaper reports, reaching 4 to 6 feet above normal and f!o< certain sections of the city."
Apalachicola.—The tide was down to —0.4 foot at 6:30 a it rose during the day, 20th, reaching 3.4 feet at 6:30 p. m. continued to "rise during the night. On the 21st the tide was mated at -4.2 feet at 6:30 a. m.; it was then overflowing low gr along the water front with highest waves running possibly t feet, portions of Water Street being then from 0 lu S inches i water.
Pensacola.—Tides were but little above normal until after night of the 19th-20th, and at 2 a. m. of the 20th the stage was 1.3 feet above normal, but thereafter the water rose rapidly reached Its highest stage about noon of the 20Ui. At 7 ~i of the 20th the tide was 5 feet above normal, at which timi U. S. Coast and Geodetic tide gage ceased recording. The i remained high until after 2 p. m. when it receded consider The water rose steadily in the race of northeast winds of hurr force, indicating that the storm center was preceded by a m ate tidal wave, as the highest water occurred before the s became true southeast, or off the Gulf. The high stage c feet above mean sea level has been accurately determined the storm. This stage is 0.(5 foot beiow the high water reet in 1906. but reliable persons who experienced the 1906 s assert that the water was higher this year than in 1906, proi by two feet. The United States Coast and Geodetic tide was not in operation, of course, in 1906, and probably an in rate base level was used in computing the level of the storn of that year. Reports indicate that the tide did not reai high a level at the Xava! Air Station as at Pensacoia, while pro ins eastward in Pensacoia Bay much higher levels were repc The Bagdad Land and Lumber Company at Bagdad, Fla., re a tide of 14 feet. Valparaiso reports a tide of about 4 feet : normal; St. Andrews, 6 feet; and Port St. joe about 4}4 Reports from the Guif Beach, about 20 miles southwest of P cola indicate that no high water was experienced there. '
Mobile. The tide in Mobile. River.—There was a steadily dei ing tide with the northerly vviuds anti! an unprecedented low jeeurred at 2 p. :a.. September 21. The water was 0.5 foot : mean low tide ot: the harbormaster's gage at 11:30 p. m., Sej bar 19. Measurements by the observer of the depths of the at points of the river bottom reported by different parties as h been above water level indicate a minimum stage of 9.7 feet : mean iow tide. This unusual condition became troublesomi caused slight damage to boats that had sought shelter at T Mile Island, upriver from Mobile, as it increased the height ( river bank above water, and the swaying of the trees caused sections of ground 'with timber to slide into the river. Tin was reported to be rising at 1 a. m., September 21, and a maxi siage of 5.3 feet was reached at 11 a. m. It fluctuated sli and remained within a foot of the highest stage until about i fail.
Gulfport.—* *	*	At	9:30	a.	m.. after a lull of 10 minute
wind shifted to east-southeast ar.d was about 15 m. p. h. j nor, change much until 11:15 a. m.. when it began to veer ar crease ia velocity. It was from the southwest by 6:15 r. having reached a velocity of about 55 miles p. h. from the Si 2:30 p. m. The tide full and it was 3.i feet beiow mean iov at 10 a. ru. September 20. It rose on September 21 and reac maximum of 6.0 feet at 1:15 p. m.
Bay 3t. Louis.—* *	*	The tide was very low from Sent*
17 to 9:15 a. m. September 21, when it began to rise, and it re: about 3 feet above normal.
.Veit: Orleans.—*	*	*	The storm having moved aeros
Florida Peninsula, the length of fetch over the Gulf need develop swells that would produce tides preceding the storn short. ‘ The rise in the tide on the Mississippi coast at Burrwood up to Sunday morning, the 19th, indicated that the c of the storm was moving toward the mouth of the Missis however, on Sunday afternoon. September 19. reports from the Mississitopi coast and Burrwood. La. showed the tide f at all points. From these and attendant wea'her conditior concluded that the whole coast eastward to Mobile was it part of the storm to the left of the ’ir.e of advance of the c Our judgment on this matter was therefore embodied in a gram to the Central Office which was forwarded shortly after 4 September 19.